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1. Interactionism
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1.1
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Introduction
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1
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1.2
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How Monism Wins Popularity
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7
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1.2.1
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Four Dualist Positions
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7
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1.2.2
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Causal Closure
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9
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1.2.3
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Epiphenomenalism
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12
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1.3
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Epiphenomenalism Is an Unattractive Position
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14
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1.4
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Burden of Proof
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17
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1.5
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Proportionality
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19
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2. The Paradox of Justified Phenomenal Judgement
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2.1
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The Paradox
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25
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2.1.1
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Interactionist Responses
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27
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2.1.2
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Chalmers’ Response
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30
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2.1.3
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Criticism of Chalmers’ Response
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31
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2.1.4
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Interactionism and Certainty
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36
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2.2
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A Revised Account
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42
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2.2.1
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Exposition
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42
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2.2.2
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Criticism
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51
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3. Two Objections
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3.1
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Introduction
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61
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3.2
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A Conceptual Problem
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61
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3.2.1
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The Argument
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62
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3.2.2
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A Counter‐Argument
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63
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3.2.3
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Further Considerations
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64
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3.3
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Defining Interactionism
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81
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4. Conservation of Energy
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4.1
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Introduction
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87
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4.2
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The Status of CoE
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88
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4.3
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What Is a Closed System
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90
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4.4
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The Relevance of CoE to Interactionist Dualism
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93
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4.4.1
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Purported Irrelevance
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94
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4.4.2
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The Prima Facie Relevance of CoE
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95
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4.4.3
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Diagnosis
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97
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4.4.4
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Relevance Reasserted
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100
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4.5
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Taxonomy of the Defences
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103
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4.5.1
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A Tripartite Taxonomy
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104
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4.5.2
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An Alternative Taxonomy
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104
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4.6
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Popper’s Defence
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105
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4.6.1
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Context
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105
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4.6.2
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Interpretation
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107
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4.6.3
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Evaluation
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110
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4.7
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Compensation Defences
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114
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4.7.1
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Two ‘Levelling Out’ Views
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114
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4.8
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Defences that Allege Question‐Begging
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120
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4.8.1
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Question‐Begging I: Averill and Keating
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121
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4.8.2
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Question‐Begging II: Rejecting 1
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124
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4.9
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Conclusion
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127
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5. Other Arguments
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5.1
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Introduction
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129
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5.2
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Papineau
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130
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5.3
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Meta‐Inductions on the History of Science
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132
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5.3.1
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The Arguments
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132
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5.3.2
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The Response
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133
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5.3.3
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Other Varieties
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136
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5.4
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Unity of Science
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138
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5.5
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Lack of ‘Wiggle Room’
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145
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Conclusion
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147
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Appendix A
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151
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A.1
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Introduction
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151
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A.2
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Dualism by Degrees
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153
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A.3
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Units of Measurement
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157
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A.4
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Action at a Distance
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159
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A.5
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Who Were Right
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161
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A.6
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Contrasts
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162
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A.7
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Present‐Day Physics
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168
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A.8
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Avoiding Vacuity
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171
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A.9
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Concluding Remarks
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173
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References
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175
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